译语翻译分享-婴儿有逻辑思维能力吗？

 

婴幼儿小，所以现在运用的研究方法主要是行为观察，眼动，脑电，fNIR，还有磁共振来反映。而研究设计嘛，比如 婴幼儿分类：像oddball paradigm，preferential looking：给小婴儿们看一堆猫猫狗狗的图片，然后出来一张椅子的图片，他们能盯上好久（novelty preference）。不过物极必反，要是给的图片里有车，有房，有票子，有家具，然后还有猫猫狗狗，他们会选择看猫猫狗狗时间更长的（familiarity preference），毕竟他们还小，任务太难了小脑袋就过载了，宝宝严肃脸“我选择放弃”。

Infants and young children are small, so the research methods currently used are mainly behavioral observation, eye movement, brain electricity, fNIR, and magnetic resonance to reflect. And research design, such as infant classification: like oddball paradigm, preferential looking: show a bunch of pictures of cats and dogs to the little babies, and then come out a picture of a chair, they can stare at it for a long time (novelty preference). But things must be the opposite. If there are cars, houses, tickets, furniture, and cats and dogs in the pictures, they will choose to watch cats and dogs for a longer time (familiarity preference), after all, they are still young. The task is too difficult, and the little head is overloaded, and the baby has a serious face "I choose to give up".

现在回到问题上去，从娘胎刚出来的新生儿就已经能够分辨几个人的声音了（前提是在娘胎里的时候跟他\她常常说话），若是给予其非人声刺激，他们会有反应，这反应类似成人的“诶~~这玩意儿我之前不知道”，而这个反应的产生后续加工则是形成题主所说的逻辑思维的基础能力之一。其实吧，还是胎儿的时候就已经开始认知外面的世界了。

Now back to the problem. Newborns who have just come out of the womb can already distinguish the voices of several people (provided that they often talk to him/her when they are in the womb). If they are given non-human stimuli, they will respond. This reaction is similar to the adult’s "Eh~~I didn’t know this stuff before", and the subsequent processing of this reaction is one of the basic abilities to form the logical thinking mentioned by the subject. Actually, when I was a fetus, I started to recognize the outside world.

说回来，排除法算不算问题里所说的逻辑思维？算的话，那么一岁多的孩子就有了。在他们面前摆上他们认识的水果：苹果，香蕉，再摆上一个他们不认识的 佛手。 你看着这三水果说，“哟，佛手！”宝宝们立马就能知道 那个一绺一绺的奇怪东西叫“佛手”了。

By the way, does the method of elimination count as the logical thinking mentioned in the question? Forget it, then there will be children over one year old. In front of them put the fruits they knew: apples, bananas, and then put a bergamot that they didn't know. You look at the three fruits and say, "Oh, bergamot!" Babies can immediately know that the bunch of strange things are called "bergamot".

 

From website: https://www.zhihu.com