Translation skills-1

  With the development of modern technology, it becomes more and more frequent for us to communicate with people from other countries. Sometimes it will be difficult for us to do business with others because of language barriers, thus we need translators here, when reading works in other country's language, translation will become more important. The following is some methods and skills about translation for English-Chinese, if you will have a translation work about that, hoping the following suggestion can help you.

I.  Words.

Words chosen: usually there are different meanings of one English word, when translating, you should understand the correct meaning of the word at first You can choose the word according to the following three methods: collocation of context and words, word category selection and major selection.
exchange of words' meaning: on the basis of understanding the original meaning of English words, you can translate it into words with Chinese habit, or antonyms, in other words, it is anti-translated text or translation of the text in anti.
exchange of words category: change the form of the words such as nouns, gerunds, non-finite verbs into verbs.
words supplement: if there is some meaning in the original text that has not been clearly stated, when translating, you need to supple the meaning thus the text can become more easy for reading, e.g, there is no measure words between numbers and nouns, you should add measure words when translating.
II. The Structure of Sentences
There are three main translation skills for sentence structure: word order type, the combination of words and the conversion class.

Word Order Type:
Sequential Translation and Reverse Translation
When writing English sentences, it is both OK for you to put time adverbial front or back. What's more, it is convenient for you to put adverbials such as result, condition etc You can put in front or back. While in Chinese, the statement always accords with sequence of time and logic, therefore, no matter sequential translation or reverse translation, actually it is always with the same Chinese habit. If English statement is the same as Chinese, it is sequential translation, otherwise, it is reverse translation.

The choice of sequential translation or reverse translation, it depends on the personal preferences.

Prefix notation
For short period of restrictive attributive clauses and appositive of identity and characters in English, when translating, you can always put it before the antecedent.

Points from the total Syrian and Syria from the point of total
It is very common for English long sentences and nested sentences because empty words are very active in English with strong generative capacity such as conjunctions, relative pronouns, relative adverbs etc, they all can form compound sentence, composite sentence and some other combining forms.

Though it is very difficult for you to translate the sentences in such forms, there are still solutions. Though they are long sentence, there are still the main body and several other declaration parts such as attributive clause, adverbial clause etc. Before translating, you should find the main body first, after having stated the main part clearly then you will deal with the resting parts. In the way, it will be easier for you to explain the sentence clearly with good translation.

Induction
To deal with some particularly difficult and active sentence, and it is difficult for you to translate it one word by another word, then you should analysis the whole sentence in comprehensive treatment, understanding that translation is another kind of recreation. After induction, you will understand the sentence clearly and state it in your own words.